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Standard Gauge, also known as wide gauge, was an early model railway and toy train rail gauge, introduced in the United States in 1906 by Lionel Corporation. [1] As it was a toy standard, rather than a scale modeling standard, the actual scale of Standard Gauge locomotives and rolling stock varied.
Lionel's earliest trains were larger than the sizes commonly available today, running on two-rail tracks with the rails 2 7 ⁄ 8 inches apart. In 1906, Lionel began offering a three-rail track that simplified wiring of reverse loops and accessories.
Using 32 mm (1.26 in) - 0 gauge - track, there is an extensive range of 16 mm to the foot scale [1:19] live-steam and other types of locomotives, rolling stock and accessories. Many of these models are dual gauge, and can be converted to run on 45 mm (1.772 in) track , and radio control is common.
OO gauge was quickly eclipsed by the better-proportioned HO scale. The Lionel range of OO used 19 mm (3 ⁄ 4 inch) track gauge, equating to 57 inches or 4 ft 9 in – very close to the 4 ft 8 1 ⁄ 2 in of standard gauge. There is a small following of American OO scale today.
Railways with a track gauge between 500 mm (19 + 3 ⁄ 4 in) and 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge. Diamond crossing dual gauge double line narrow-gauge and standard-gauge. Narrow gauge track.
Some amount of tolerance is necessarily allowed from the nominal gauge to allow for wear, etc.; this tolerance is typically greater for track limited to slower speeds, and tighter for track where higher speeds are expected (as an example, in the US the gauge is allowed to vary between 4 ft 8 in (1,420 mm) to 4 ft 10 in (1,470 mm) for track ...