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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 14 December 2024. 18th to 19th-century Catholic religious outposts in California For the establishments in modern-day Mexico, see Spanish missions in Baja California. The locations of the 21 Franciscan missions in Alta California. Part of a series on Spanish missions in the Americas of the Catholic ...
Human history in California began when indigenous Americans first arrived some 13,000 years ago. Coastal exploration by the Spanish began in the 16th century, with further European settlement along the coast and in the inland valleys following in the 18th century.
The 1562 map of the Americas, created by Spanish cartographer Diego Gutiérrez, which applied the name California for the first time.. California was the name given to a mythical island populated only by beautiful Amazon warriors, as depicted in Greek myths, using gold tools and weapons in the popular early 16th-century romance novel Las Sergas de Esplandián (The Adventures of Esplandián) by ...
Politana or Apolitana was the first Spanish settlement in the San Bernardino Valley of California.It was established as a mission chapel and supply station by the Mission San Gabriel in the a rancheria of the Guachama Indians that lived on the bluff that is now known as Bunker Hill, near Lytle Creek.
The Pueblo of San Diego was the first permanent Spanish settlement in California. In 1769, Father Junípero Serra's San Diego mission and Gaspar de Portolá's Presidio of San Diego were built overlooking the Pueblo of San Diego. Ships coming to the Pueblo of San Diego sailed into San Diego Bay.
To facilitate overland travel, the mission settlements were situated approximately 30 miles (48 kilometers) apart, about one day's journey on horseback, or three days on foot. The entire trail eventually became a 600-mile (966-kilometer) long "California Mission Trail."
The presidio was the first permanent European settlement on the Pacific coast of the present-day United States. As the first of the presidios and Spanish missions in California, it was the base of operations for the Spanish colonization of California. [2] The associated Mission San Diego de Alcalá later moved a few miles away.
The famous Estracto de Noticias written by Portolá in 1770 is the first published account of Spanish settlements in California. After a march of some 400 miles (640 km) from San Diego and about 1,000 miles (1,600 km) from Velicatá, they had reached the bay they were seeking.