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Functional genomics is a field of molecular biology that attempts to describe gene (and protein) functions and interactions. Functional genomics make use of the vast data generated by genomic and transcriptomic projects (such as genome sequencing projects and RNA sequencing ).
Functional genomics attempts to answer questions about the function of DNA at the levels of genes, RNA transcripts, and protein products. A key characteristic of functional genomics studies is their genome-wide approach to these questions, generally involving high-throughput methods rather than a more traditional "gene-by-gene" approach.
Functional annotation can be performed through probabilistic methods. The distribution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic amino acids indicates whether a protein is located in a solution or membrane. Specific sequence motifs provide information on posttranslational modifications and final location of any given protein. [ 19 ]
Cognitive genomics: Study of the changes in cognitive processes associated with genetic profiles. Comparative genomics: Study of the relationship of genome structure and function across different biological species or strains. Functional genomics: Describes gene and protein functions and interactions (often uses transcriptomics).
It covers the exploration of proteomes from the overall level of protein composition, structure, and activity, and is an important component of functional genomics. Proteomics generally denotes the large-scale experimental analysis of proteins and proteomes, but often refers specifically to protein purification and mass spectrometry.
Such networks can be used for filtering and assessing functional genomics data and for providing an intuitive platform for annotating structural, functional and evolutionary properties of proteins. Exploring the predicted interaction networks can suggest new directions for future experimental research and provide cross-species predictions for ...
The term meiome is used in functional genomics to describe the meiotic transcriptome or the set of RNA transcripts produced during the process of meiosis. [38] Meiosis is a key feature of sexually reproducing eukaryotes, and involves the pairing of homologous chromosome, synapse and recombination.
A few examples of these focused databases include those with an emphasis on metabolic data analysis (Microme [41]), comparative genomics (MBGD [42] and the OMA Browser [43]), regulons and transcription factors (RegPrecise [44]), comparative functional genomics (Pathline [45]), among many others. However, notable efforts have been made by other ...