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Hyponatremia, or low sodium, is the most commonly seen type of electrolyte imbalance. [12] [13] Treatment of electrolyte imbalance depends on the specific electrolyte involved and whether the levels are too high or too low. [3] The level of aggressiveness of treatment and choice of treatment may change depending on the severity of the ...
[1] [4] Correction should generally be gradual in those in whom the low levels have been present for more than two days. [4] Hyponatremia is the most common type of electrolyte imbalance, and is often found in older adults. [11] [12] It occurs in about 20% of those admitted to hospital and 10% of people during or after an endurance sporting event.
Hypophosphatemia is an electrolyte disorder in which there is a low level of phosphate in the blood. [1] Symptoms may include weakness, trouble breathing, and loss of appetite. [1] Complications may include seizures, coma, rhabdomyolysis, or softening of the bones. [1]
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Hypoosmolar hyponatremia is a condition where hyponatremia is associated with a low plasma osmolality. [1] The term "hypotonic hyponatremia" is also sometimes used.[2]When the plasma osmolarity is low, the extracellular fluid volume status may be in one of three states: low volume, normal volume, or high volume.
Magnesium deficiency is an electrolyte disturbance in which there is a low level of magnesium in the body. [3] Symptoms include tremor, poor coordination, muscle spasms, loss of appetite, personality changes, and nystagmus. [1] [2] Complications may include seizures or cardiac arrest such as from torsade de pointes. [1]
Metabolic acidosis is a serious electrolyte disorder characterized by an imbalance in the body's acid-base balance.Metabolic acidosis has three main root causes: increased acid production, loss of bicarbonate, and a reduced ability of the kidneys to excrete excess acids. [5]
Potentially serious side effects include electrolyte abnormalities, low blood pressure, and hearing loss. [4] It is recommended that serum electrolytes (especially potassium), serum CO 2, creatinine, BUN levels, and liver and kidney functioning be monitored in patients taking furosemide.