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The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments.Usually considered one of the most consequential amendments, it addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law and was proposed in response to issues related to formerly enslaved Americans following the American Civil War.
Twenty-seven of those, having been ratified by the requisite number of states, are part of the Constitution. The first ten amendments were adopted and ratified simultaneously and are known collectively as the Bill of Rights. The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments are collectively known as the Reconstruction Amendments. Six amendments adopted by ...
The primary author of the Privileges or Immunities Clause was Congressman John Bingham of Ohio. The common historical view is that Bingham's primary inspiration, at least for his initial prototype of this Clause, was the Privileges and Immunities Clause in Article Four of the United States Constitution, [1] [2] which provided that "The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges ...
“The 13th, 14th and 15th amendments were designed to enshrine Lincoln’s promise of a new America.” The amendment’s first section begins: However, as so often is the case, this reaffirmed ...
A constitutional amendment would require a two-thirds vote in the House and the Senate (or a request for a convention by two-thirds of the states), and ratification by three-fourths of state ...
Indeed, it was on this argument, as well as on the legislative history of the Fourteenth Amendment, that Justice John M. Harlan (the grandson of the earlier Justice Harlan) relied on in his dissent from Reynolds. Harlan quoted the congressional debates of 1866 to show that the framers did not intend for the Equal Protection Clause to extend to ...
Ratified in 1868, interpretations of the 14th Amendment have been key in extending a slew of legal protections including civil rights, same-sex marriage, abortion rights, and beyond. Here’s what ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 24 January 2025. First sentence of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution The Citizenship Clause is the first sentence of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which was adopted on July 9, 1868, which states: All persons born or naturalized in the United States ...