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The horseshoe shaped hyoid bone sits directly below the base of tongue with the arms of the bone flanking the airway. Hyoid suspension is typically performed as a treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This procedure is frequently performed with a uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) which targets sites of obstruction higher in the airway.
Hyoid suspension, also known as hyoid myotomy and suspension or hyoid advancement, is a surgical procedure in which the hyoid bone and its muscle attachments to the tongue and airway are pulled forward in order to increase airway size and improve airway stability behind and below the base of tongue (retrolingual and hypopharyngeal region).
The Stanford Protocol is a combination of surgeries that are undertaken to treat obstructive sleep apnea.The Protocol involves two phases, the first of which involves UPPP and one or more of Genioglossus Advancement or Hyoid Suspension.
The hyoid bone is important to a number of physiological functions, including breathing, swallowing and speech. It is also thought to play a key role in keeping the upper airway open during sleep, [14] [15] and as such, the development and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA; characterized by repetitive collapse of the upper airway during ...
hyoid suspension; tongue suspension; tongue base reduction; genioglossus advancement; UPPP with tonsillectomy improves postoperative results of obstructive sleep apnea depending on tonsil size. The success rate increases with increasing tonsil size. [2] This approach improves postoperative results in well-selected patients. [3]
Though less common methods of treatment, various surgical options including uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), hyoid suspension, and linguloplasty exist. These procedures increase the dimensions of the upper airway and reduce the collapsibility of the airway. [3]
It attaches at the lesser horn of hyoid bone [1] [2] inferiorly, [citation needed] and (the apex of [1]) the styloid process of the temporal bone [1] [2] superiorly. [ citation needed ] The ligament gives attachment to the superior-most fibres of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle .
Its anterior surface is in relation with the thyrohyoid muscle, sternohyoid muscle, and omohyoid muscles, and with the body of the hyoid bone. It is pierced by the superior laryngeal nerve . [ 2 ] It is also pierced the superior thyroid artery , where there is a thickening of the membrane.