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Organophosphate poisoning is poisoning due to organophosphates (OPs). [4] Organophosphates are used as insecticides , medications, and nerve agents . [ 4 ] Symptoms include increased saliva and tear production, diarrhea , vomiting, small pupils , sweating, muscle tremors, and confusion. [ 2 ]
Cholinesterase reactivators are drugs that reverse the inhibition of cholinesterase by organophosphates or sulfonates. [1] They are used as antidote for treating organophosphate insecticide and nerve agent poisoning. [2] Organophosphates are used industrially in agricultural pesticides, and globally as agents of chemical warfare.
Obidoxime is a member of the oxime family used to treat organophosphate poisoning. Oximes are drugs known for their ability to reverse the binding of organophosphorus compounds to the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). [1] AChE is an enzyme that removes acetylcholine from the synapse after it creates the required stimulation on the next nerve ...
Atropine, which is choice of drug to antagonise the muscarinic effects of organophosphates, is administered even before pralidoxime during the treatment of organophosphate poisoning. While the efficacy of atropine has been well-established, clinical experience with pralidoxime has led to widespread doubt about its efficacy in treatment of ...
Organophosphate insecticides are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, which disrupt the transmission of nerve signals in exposed organisms, with fatal results. The risk of human death through organophosphate poisoning [32] was obvious from the start and led to efforts to lower toxicity against mammals while not reducing efficacy against insects ...
The toxicity of sarin in humans is largely based on calculations from studies with animals. The lethal concentration of sarin in air is approximately 28–35 mg per cubic meter per minute for a two-minute exposure time by a healthy adult breathing normally (exchanging 15 liters of air per minute, lower 28 mg/m 3 value is for general population ...
The $32,000 cost of a crucial drug to treat severe lead poisoning drew ire from Democratic Sen. Amy Klobuchar, who wrote a letter to the chief executive of the drug’s maker on Thursday, seeking ...
Atropine is not an actual antidote for organophosphate poisoning. However, by blocking the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors, atropine also serves as a treatment for poisoning by organophosphate insecticides and nerve agents, such as tabun (GA), sarin (GB), soman (GD), and VX.