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In mathematics, the Regiomontanus's angle maximization problem, is a famous optimization problem [1] posed by the 15th-century German mathematician Johannes Müller [2] (also known as Regiomontanus). The problem is as follows: The two dots at eye level are possible locations of the viewer's eye. A painting hangs from a wall.
The cell wall might have evolved to deter viral infections. Proteins embedded in cell walls are variable, contained in tandem repeats subject to homologous recombination. [17] An alternative scenario is that fungi started with a chitin-based cell wall and later acquired the GT-48 enzymes for the 1,3-β-glucans via horizontal gene transfer. The ...
The most famous example of a seked slope is of the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt built around 2550 BC. Based on modern surveys, the faces of this monument had a seked of 5 + 1 / 2 , or 5 palms and 2 digits, in modern terms equivalent to a slope of 1.27, a gradient of 127%, and an elevation of 51.84° from the horizontal (in our 360 ...
Cell mechanics is a sub-field of biophysics that focuses on the mechanical properties and behavior of living cells and how it relates to cell function. [1] It encompasses aspects of cell biophysics , biomechanics , soft matter physics and rheology , mechanobiology and cell biology .
Geodetic latitude and geocentric latitude have different definitions. Geodetic latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and the surface normal at a point on the ellipsoid, whereas geocentric latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and a radial line connecting the centre of the ellipsoid to a point on the surface (see figure).
Cell-based models are mathematical models that represent biological cells as discrete entities. Within the field of computational biology they are often simply called agent-based models [1] of which they are a specific application and they are used for simulating the biomechanics of multicellular structures such as tissues. to study the influence of these behaviors on how tissues are organised ...
Stable cell-cell interactions are required for cell adhesion within a tissue and controlling the shape and function of cells. [1] These stable interactions involve cell junctions which are multiprotein complexes that provide contact between neighboring cells. Cell junctions allow for the preservation and proper functioning of epithelial cell ...
It has been found that cell walls expand faster under acidic conditions, this is called acid growth. Treating living cells with acid induces acidification of the cell wall by activating an ATPase in the cell wall's plasma membrane. [1] In onion epidermal cells, which are used as models to study anisotropy in extension, extension is pH dependent ...