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By February 1942 the German Army High Command had begun to develop plans for a follow-up campaign to the aborted Barbarossa offensive – with the Caucasus as its principal objective. On 5 April 1942, Hitler laid out the elements of the plan now known as "Case Blue" (Fall Blau) in Führer Directive No. 41.
The operation was initially named Fall Blau (Case Blue), which is the common name used for the whole offensive. The name was changed from Blau to Braunschweig on 30 June. [1] The plans following the original Case Blue (originally named Blue I and Blue II) were renamed to Operation Clausewitz and Operation Dampfhammer.
Map showing the German (blue) attack in August 1942 that surrounded the Soviet (red) 62nd Army at the Battle of Kalach. Terrain by the Don River south of Kalach. The Battle of Kalach [nb 1] took place between the German Sixth Army and elements of the Soviet Stalingrad Front between July 25 and August 11, 1942.
Meeting between Adolf Hitler (left) and officers in the headquarters of Army Group South at Poltava. 1 June 1942. In preparation for Case Blue, the 1942 campaign in southern Russia and the Caucasus, Army Group South was split into two army groups: Army Group A and Army Group B. [3]
On 5 April 1942, Hitler issued Directive 41, which made the south the main area of operations under Case Blue, the summer campaign, at the expense of the other fronts. The divisions of Army Group South were brought up to full strength in late April and early May.
Basalt (1942) — commando raid on Sark in the Channel Islands; Batman (1942) — commando raid near Cherbourg in France; Biting (1942) — commando raid on Bruneval radar site in France; Bolero (1942) — build-up of US forces and matériel for Roundup. Later utilized during Torch and Overlord. Branford (1942) — commando raid on Burhou in ...
Case Blue [ edit ] During Soviet offensive from the bridgehead north Voronezh on the west bank of the Don River against the German 7th Corps, the 9th Panzer Division was released from 2nd Army reserves to lead a counterattack and stabilize the front of the 7th Corps.
Case Blue (Fall Blau), launched 28 June 1942, saw Army Group South divided into two Army Groups, Army Group A and Army Group B, the former participating in the Battle of the Caucasus. Throughout the operation the German situation, especially that of Army Group B centered on Stalingrad, began to deteriorate. [1]