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The Tridentine Mass, [1] also known as the Traditional Latin Mass [2] [3] or the Traditional Rite, [4] is the liturgy in the Roman Missal of the Catholic Church codified in 1570 and published thereafter with amendments up to 1962.
The development of the Ordo Lectionum Missae was a response to the liturgical reforms initiated by the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965), with the aim of promoting active participation of the laity in the Mass. Prior to the council, the Roman Catholic Church adhered to a one-year cycle of readings, incorporating a limited selection of passages.
Latin liturgical rites, or Western liturgical rites, is a large family of liturgical rites and uses of public worship employed by the Latin Church, the largest particular church sui iuris of the Catholic Church, that originated in Europe where the Latin language once dominated. Its language is now known as Ecclesiastical Latin.
This modal, monophonic Latin music has been sung in the Catholic Church since at least the sixth century to the present day. An extensive introduction explains how to read and interpret the medieval musical notation (square notation of neums or neumes ).
Other liturgical books that no longer exist today, were in use in the past, such as the Epistolary and the Sacramentary (in the proper sense of this word). The catalogue of the illuminated manuscripts of the British Library indicates how varied were the classes of liturgical books for the celebration of Mass [5] and the Liturgy of the Hours. [6]
Despite the Tridentine Mass being supplanted by a new form of the Roman Rite Mass, some communities continued celebrating pre-conciliar rites or adopted them later. This includes priestly societies and religious institutes which use some pre-1970 edition of the Roman Missal or of a similar missal in communion with the Holy See.
The Lutheran Michael Praetorius composed a mass for double choir in the old style, which he published in 1611 in the collection of church music for the mass in Latin, Missodia Sionia. Composers such as Henri Dumont (1610–1684) continued to compose plainsong settings, distinct from and more elaborate than the earlier Gregorian chants. [4]
A Mass is called a sung Mass, when the celebrant actually sings those parts which the rubrics require to be sung; otherwise it is called a low Mass. Moreover, a sung Mass, when celebrated with the assistance of sacred ministers, is called a solemn or High Mass (Missa solemnis); when celebrated without sacred ministers, it is called a Missa cantata.