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Poland Bureau of War Damages (BOW). Statement on war losses and damages of Poland in 1939–1945. [61] Total Population of ethnic Poles and Polish Jews (only) in 1939 A. 27,007,000: Causes of human losses (% of total) % Direct war operations B. 644,000: 10.7% Murdered in the extermination camps, executions, liquidation of ghettos: 3,577,000: 59.3%
The German economist de:Bruno Gleitze from the German Institute for Economic Research estimated that included in the total of 7.1 million deaths by natural causes that there were 1,2 million excess deaths caused by an increase in mortality due to the harsh conditions in Germany during and after the war [151] In Allied occupied Germany the ...
The Invasion of Poland, [e] also known as the September Campaign, [f] Polish Campaign, [g] and Polish Defensive War of 1939 [h] [13] (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II. [14]
1 September – A state of emergency was declared by the Irish government when Germany invaded Poland. [6] [7] 2 September – Taoiseach Éamon de Valera told the Dáil that Ireland would remain neutral in the European War. 3 September The Emergency Powers Act 1939 came into force as Britain and France declared war on Nazi Germany.
German forces included 69 Infantry and 14 Panzer divisions comprising 1,250,000 men. Polish losses were estimated in 1947 by the Polish government to be 66,300 killed and 133,700 wounded. German casualties based on statistics collected during the war were 10,570 KIA, 30,322 WIA and 3,469 MIA. [1]
Out of Poland's pre-war population of 34,849,000, about 6 million – constituting 17% of its total – perished during the German occupation. There were 240,000 military deaths, 3,000,000 Polish-Jewish Holocaust victims, and 2,760,000 civilian deaths (see World War II casualties backed with real research and citations).
Already during the 1939 German invasion, dedicated units of SS and police (the Einsatzgruppen) were tasked with arresting or outright killing of those resisting the Germans. [10] [75] [76] They were aided by some regular German army units and "self-defense" forces composed of members of the German minority in Poland, the Volksdeutsche. [10]
During the German invasion of Poland, which started World War II, Nazi Germany carried out a number of atrocities involving Polish prisoners of war (POWs). During that period, the Wehrmacht is estimated to have mass-murdered at least 3,000 Polish POWs, with the largest atrocities being the Ciepielów massacre of 8 September 1939 (~300 victims ...