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Alexander Graham Bell (/ ˈ ɡ r eɪ. ə m /, born Alexander Bell; March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) [4] was a Scottish-born [N 1] Canadian-American inventor, scientist, and engineer who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He also co-founded the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1885. [7]
The modern electric bell mechanism had its origin in vibrating "contact breaker" or interrupter mechanisms devised to break the primary current in induction coils. [5] Vibrating "hammer" interrupters were invented by Johann Philipp Wagner (1839) and Christian Ernst Neeff (1847), and was developed into a buzzer by Froment (1847).
In 1742 he invented a device known as the "electric chimes", which was widely described in textbooks of electricity. Franklin made use of Gordon's idea by connecting one bell to his pointed lightning rod, attached to a chimney, and a second bell to the ground. One of his papers contains the following description:
Western Electric 202 hand telephone set as refurbished in the late 1930s and 1940s with new handset style. The low-profile 684A subset (1931) is mounted on wall in background. When designating anti-sidetone apparatus, the Bell System practice was to add the value 100 to the apparatus code of the corresponding sidetone equipment. [34]
Shows Bell's second telephone transmitter , invented 1876 and first displayed at the Centennial Exposition, Philadelphia. This history of the telephone chronicles the development of the electrical telephone, and includes a brief overview of its predecessors. The first telephone patent was granted to Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
He invented a precursor to the electric doorbell (specifically a bell that could be rung at a distance via an electric wire, 1831) [7] and electric relay (1835). [8] His work on the electromagnetic relay was the basis of the practical electrical telegraph, invented separately by Samuel F. B. Morse and Sir Charles Wheatstone.
The housing of the bell box may be manufactured from wood, metal, or plastic. The basic core component of a conventional bell box is an electromagnet and a bell or other metal piece, some of which create a repetitive sound. [1] The bell sound is normally created inside the box, although the unit may have bells mounted on the outside of the box.
Doorbell mechanism from 1884 in Andrássy Avenue, Budapest Antique mechanically operated shop doorbell on a torsion spring. William Murdoch, a Scottish inventor, installed a number of his own innovations in his house, built in Birmingham in 1817; one of these was a loud doorbell, that worked using a piped system of compressed air. [1]