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The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BC. [2] [3] It was derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, [4] and is the earliest known alphabetic script to systematically write vowels as well as consonants. [5]
Gamma (/ ˈ ɡ æ m ə /; [1] uppercase Γ, lowercase γ; Greek: γάμμα, romanized: gámma) is the third letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 3. In Ancient Greek, the letter gamma represented a voiced velar stop IPA:.
Archaic letter denoting a long vowel Ῠῠ: Upsilon with breve: Archaic letter denoting a short vowel Χ̇χ̇: Chi with dot above: Arvanitika letter for /xʲ/ [7] Ψ̌ψ̌: Psi with caron: Nonstandard letter for Cypriot Greek [9] and Pontic Greek [10] representing /pʃ/ Ώώ: Omega with acute: High pitch on short vowel or rising pitch on long ...
A digraph is a pair of letters used to write one sound or a combination of sounds that does not correspond to the written letters in sequence. The orthography of Greek includes several digraphs, including various pairs of vowel letters that used to be pronounced as diphthongs but have been shortened to monophthongs in pronunciation.
All Phoenician letters had been acrophonic, and they remained so in Greek. Since the names of the letters ʼāleph and hē were pronounced [alepʰ] and [e] by the Greeks, with initial vowels due to the silent gutturals (the disambiguation e psilon "narrow e" came later), the acrophonic principle was retained for vowels as well as consonants by ...
A mora is a unit of vowel length; in Ancient Greek, short vowels have one mora and long vowels and diphthongs have two morae. Thus, a one-mora vowel could have accent on its one mora, and a two-mora vowel could have accent on either of its two morae. The position of accent was free, with certain limitations.
In Ancient Greek, the diaeresis (Greek: διαίρεσις or διαλυτικά, dialytiká, 'distinguishing') – ϊ – appears on the letters ι and υ to show that a pair of vowel letters is pronounced separately, rather than as a diphthong or as a digraph for a simple vowel. In Modern Greek, the diaeresis usually indicates that two ...
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Greek on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Greek in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.