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Distribution of Fasciolopsis buski. F. buski is endemic in Asia including China, Taiwan, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Malaysia, and India. It has an up to 60% prevalence in worst-affected communities in southern and eastern India and mainland China and has an estimated 10 million human infections. Infections occur most often in school-aged ...
Fasciolopsis buski is the cause of the pathological condition fasciolopsiasis. [3] In London, George Busk first described Fasciolopsis buski in 1843 after finding it in the duodenum of a sailor. After years of careful study and self experimentation, in 1925, Claude Heman Barlow determined its life cycle in humans. [4] [5] [6]
They then migrate through the intestines and liver, and into the bile ducts. Inside the bile ducts, they develop into an adult fluke. [12] [13] In humans, the time taken for F. hepatica to mature from metacercariae into an adult fluke is roughly three to four months. The adult flukes can then produce up to 25,000 eggs per fluke per day. [14]
Because of the size of the parasite, as adult F. hepatica: 20–30 × 13 mm (0.79–1.18 × 0.51 inches) or adult F. gigantica: 25–75 × 12 mm (0.98–2.95 × 0.47 inches), fasciolosis is a big concern. [4] The amount of symptoms depends on how many worms and what stage the infection is in.
Fasciola gigantica causes outbreaks in tropical areas of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa.The geographical distribution of F. gigantica overlaps with F. hepatica in many African and Asian countries and sometimes in the same country, although in such cases, the ecological requirement of the flukes and their snail hosts are distinct.
Adult trematodes of Fasciolidae range in length from 2 cm, for species of Parafasciolopsis, and 10 cm, for species such as Fasciola gigantica. The oral and ventral suckers are usually located. the cercariae are of a gymnocephalic shape.
Inside, the mouth leads to a small pharynx which is followed by an extended intestine that runs the entire length of the body. The intestine is heavily branched and the anus is absent. Instead, the intestine runs along an excretory canal that opens at the posterior end. Adult flukes produce eggs that are passed out through the excretory pore.
Stiles made a complete morphological description of the adult fluke and named it Fasciola magna (Bassi 1875) Stiles 1894. [4] In 1917, Ward showed that owing to the lack of the distinct anterior cone and the fact that vitellaria are confined to the region ventral to the intestinal branches , he established a new genus Fascioloides and rename it ...