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  2. Black Codes (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Codes_(United_States)

    The Black Codes, sometimes called the Black Laws, were laws which governed the conduct of African Americans (both free and freedmen).In 1832, James Kent wrote that "in most of the United States, there is a distinction in respect to political privileges, between free white persons and free colored persons of African blood; and in no part of the country do the latter, in point of fact ...

  3. History of forced labor in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_unfree_labor_in...

    Although freedmen had been emancipated, their lives were greatly restricted by the black codes. The term "Black Codes" was given by "negro leaders and the Republican organs", according to historian John S. Reynolds. [11] [12] [13] The defining feature of the Black Codes was broad vagrancy law, which allowed local authorities to arrest freed ...

  4. Vagrancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vagrancy

    Vagrancy is the condition of wandering homelessness without regular employment or income. Vagrants [a] usually live in poverty and support themselves by travelling while engaging in begging, scavenging, or petty theft.

  5. Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirteenth_Amendment_to...

    These laws, passed or updated after emancipation, were known as Black Codes. [101] Mississippi was the first state to pass such codes, with an 1865 law titled "An Act to confer Civil Rights on Freedmen". [102] The Mississippi law required black workers to contract with white farmers by January 1 of each year or face punishment for vagrancy. [100]

  6. List of landmark African-American legislation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_landmark_African...

    Black Codes (1865–66) - series of laws passed by Southern state legislatures restricting the political franchise and economic opportunity of free blacks, with heavy legal penalties for vagrancy and restrictive employment contracts.

  7. List of Jim Crow law examples by state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Jim_Crow_law...

    This is a list of examples of Jim Crow laws, which were state, territorial, and local laws in the United States enacted between 1877 and 1965. Jim Crow laws existed throughout the United States and originated from the Black Codes that were passed from 1865 to 1866 and from before the American Civil War.

  8. Georgia Republicans seek new laws to crack down on immigrants ...

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    The refunds would also apply if a local government refused to enforce vagrancy laws against homeless people. The University of Georgia said it would boost its police budget by 20% to add more ...

  9. Category:Vagrancy laws - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Vagrancy_laws

    Pages in category "Vagrancy laws" The following 17 pages are in this category, out of 17 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ... Code of Conduct;