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Halley's Comet on an eccentric orbit that reaches beyond Neptune will be moving 54.6 km/s when 0.586 AU (87,700 thousand km) from the Sun, 41.5 km/s when 1 AU from the Sun (passing Earth's orbit), and roughly 1 km/s at aphelion 35 AU (5.2 billion km) from the Sun. [7] Objects passing Earth's orbit going faster than 42.1 km/s have achieved ...
A wide variety of sources [5] [6] [7] define LEO in terms of altitude.The altitude of an object in an elliptic orbit can vary significantly along the orbit. Even for circular orbits, the altitude above ground can vary by as much as 30 km (19 mi) (especially for polar orbits) due to the oblateness of Earth's spheroid figure and local topography.
Transatmospheric orbit (TAO): geocentric orbits with an apogee above 100 km and perigee that intersects with the defined atmosphere. [4] Very low Earth orbit (VLEO) is defined as altitudes between approximately 100 - 450 km above Earth’s surface. [5] [6] Low Earth orbit (LEO): geocentric orbits with altitudes below 2,000 km (1,200 mi). [7]
The speed (or the magnitude of velocity) relative to the centre of mass is constant: [1]: 30 = = where: , is the gravitational constant, is the mass of both orbiting bodies (+), although in common practice, if the greater mass is significantly larger, the lesser mass is often neglected, with minimal change in the result.
The delta v was approximately 1,000 meters per second (3,300 ft/s). ... the departure planet's orbital velocity around the Sun. ... Orbital speed (km/sec) [23 ...
Orbital velocity may refer to the following: The orbital angular velocity; The orbital speed of a revolving body in a gravitational field. The velocity of particles ...
Note that according to this approximation cos i equals −1 when the semi-major axis equals 12 352 km, which means that only lower orbits can be Sun-synchronous. The period can be in the range from 88 minutes for a very low orbit (a = 6554 km, i = 96°) to 3.8 hours (a = 12 352 km, but this orbit would be equatorial, with i = 180°).
Using the local velocity and radius given in the last example, one finds = km s −1 kpc −1 and = km s −1 kpc −1. This is close to the actual measured Oort constants and tells us that the constant-speed model is the closest of these three to reality in the solar neighborhood.