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Early medieval European longhouses had an open fire under the highest point of the building. The "kitchen area" was between the entrance and the fireplace. In wealthy homes, there was typically more than one kitchen. In some homes, there were upwards of three kitchens. The kitchens were divided based on the types of food prepared in them. [4]
Medieval architecture was the art and science of designing and constructing buildings in the Middle Ages. The major styles of the period included pre-Romanesque , Romanesque , and Gothic . In the fifteenth century, architects began to favour classical forms again, in the Renaissance style , marking the end of the medieval period.
Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of medieval Europe characterised by semi-circular arches. The term "Romanesque" is usually used for the period from the 10th to the 12th century with " Pre-Romanesque " and " First Romanesque " being applied to earlier buildings with Romanesque characteristics.
Peasant homes in medieval England were centered around the hearth while some larger homes may have had separate areas for food processing like brewhouses and bakehouses, and storage areas like barns and granaries. There was almost always a fire burning, sometimes left covered at night, because it was easier than relighting the fire.
Verrucole Castle Medieval kitchen. Verrucole Castle (Italian: Fortezza delle Verrucole) is a medieval fortress located in the Garfagnana region of Tuscany, Italy, in San Romano in Garfagnana comune, near the city of Lucca. It is 600 metres (2,000 ft) above sea level. The fortress has recently undergone partial restoration.
A restored medieval kitchen inside Verrucole Castle, Tuscany. The kitchen staff of huge noble or royal courts occasionally numbered in the hundreds: pantlers, bakers, waferers, sauciers, larderers, butchers, carvers, page boys, milkmaids, butlers, and numerous scullions. While an average peasant household often made do with firewood collected ...
For example, the undercroft rooms at Myres Castle in Fife, Scotland, of c. 1300 were used as the medieval kitchen and a range of stores. Many of these early medieval undercrofts were vaulted or groined, such as the vaulted chamber at Beverston Castle in Gloucestershire or the groined stores at Myres Castle.
From the outset the house had two fireplaces. In the living room, the Stube, there was a cocklestove, and in the Flur was a stove for cooking, which was later partitioned off to form a kitchen. Initially, this type of house only had one storey, but from about the 15th century they were usually built in two storeys with a ground floor and upper ...