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Primarily, Gadaa system is an ancient philosophy of socio-political system that responsible for regulating Political stability, Economic growth, social services, Cultural commitments, Ethical contract of the religious order of the Oromo society and practice Gadaa Democracy that require equal participation of both male and female.
The Gadaa system has series of disciplinary rules where Gadaa officials are appointed in every eight years to act as arbitrators, lawmakers and ritual leaders. [3] [4] It is "key word" and "social ideology" of Oromo society. There is controversy about the system that it follows political institutions rather than primarily a cultural and ...
The Oromo were originally nomadic, semi-pastoralist people who later would conquer large swaths of land during their expansions. [16] [17] After the settlement, they would establish kingdoms in the Gibe regions [18] [19] and dynasties in Abyssinia. [20] [21] The Oromo people traditionally used the gadaa system as the primary form of governance.
Historically, they were called "galla" in various Ethiopian literature and beginning to Oromo migrations, the Oromo civilization strived to the Ethiopian dominance, by introducing adoption system (guddifachaa) the democratic rule (the gadaa system). [4] Oromo nationalism is viewed as a recent phenomenon and has been a controversial subject ...
The Boranas also have special warriors that defend the community from any enemies. They are in the last stage to the Gadaa stage and are in one part of stages of the Borana system. Only those between 32-40 years are allowed to be part of this special Borana Defense Forces. They are all in an immediate stage to the Gadaa stage called Dori.
The Oromo expansions or the Oromo invasions [3] [4] (in older historiography, Galla invasions [5] [6] [7]), were a series of expansions in the 16th and 17th centuries by the Oromo. Prior to their great expansion in the 16th century, the Oromo inhabited only the area of what is now modern-day southern Ethiopia and northern Kenya . [ 1 ]
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According to legend, a number of Oromo groups (variously given from five to 10) were led to Jimma by a great sorceress and Queen named Makhore, who carried a boku (usually connected with the abba boku, or headman of the Oromo Gadaa system) [1] which when placed on the ground would cause the earth to tremble and men to fear.