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The wildlife of Sri Lanka includes its flora and fauna and their natural habitats. Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of biological endemism (16% of the fauna and 23% of flowering plants are endemic [ 1 ] ).
Sri Lankan freshwater habitats can be divided into 6 major types - river, stream, lake, pond, villu and paddy field - according to size, depth, rate of flow and type of bottom. Medium-sized rivers are called Oya and fast flowing streams torrential streams are called Dola in Sinhalese. The following list provide the freshwater fauna of Sri Lanka.
This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Sri Lanka, with their respective names in Sinhala also listed. There are 125 mammal species in Sri Lanka , of which one is critically endangered, ten are endangered, ten are vulnerable, and three are near threatened.
Being an island Sri Lanka lacks land area to supports large animals. [3] However fossil evidence of large archaic species of rhinoceroses, hippopotamuses, and lions have been discovered. The flora and fauna of Sri Lanka is mostly understudied. [4] Therefore, the number of endemics could be underestimated.
In January 2019, the new species, P. conniffae was discovered in southern Sri Lanka. [10] Sri Lanka has the highest percentage of extinct and threatened amphibian species in Asia. [2] In the 20th century the country has lost 20% of its amphibians and more than half of the remaining species are on the verge of extinction.
This is a list of reptiles of Sri Lanka. The reptilian diversity in Sri Lanka is higher than the diversity of other vertebrates such as mammals and fish with 181 reptile species. All extant reptiles are well documented through research by many local and foreign scientists and naturalists.
Individual animals in Sri Lanka (2 C) Invertebrates of Sri Lanka (1 C, 19 P) V. Vertebrates of Sri Lanka (5 C) W. Wildlife conservation in Sri Lanka (1 C, 5 P)
All wildlife in sanctuaries are protected but the habitat is only protected in state-owned land, allowing human activities to continue on privately owned land. [1] Activities prohibited in sanctuaries include hunting, killing or removing any wild animal; destroying eggs/nests of birds and reptiles; disturbing of wild animals; and interfering in ...