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ext4 (fourth extended filesystem) is a journaling file system for Linux, developed as the successor to ext3.. ext4 was initially a series of backward-compatible extensions to ext3, many of them originally developed by Cluster File Systems for the Lustre file system between 2003 and 2006, meant to extend storage limits and add other performance improvements. [4]
A common example is virtualization: one user can run an experimental Linux distribution (using the ext4 file system) in a virtual machine under his/her production Windows environment (using NTFS). The ext4 file system resides in a disk image, which is treated as a file (or multiple files, depending on the hypervisor and settings) in the NTFS ...
For example, appending to a file may involve three separate writes to: The file's inode, to note in the file's metadata that its size has increased. The free space map, to mark out an allocation of space for the to-be-appended data. The newly allocated space, to actually write the appended data. In a metadata-only journal, step 3 would not be ...
The uses of extended attributes in Be-like systems are varied: For example, Tracker and OpenTracker, the file-managers of BeOS and Haiku respectively, both store the locations of file icons in attributes, [8] Haiku's "Mail" service stores all message content and metadata in extended file attributes, [9] and the MIME types of files are stored in ...
Typical file attributes may, for example, indicate or specify whether a file is visible, modifiable, compressed, or encrypted. The availability of most file attributes depends on support by the underlying filesystem (such as FAT, NTFS, ext4) where attribute data must be stored along with other control structures. Each attribute can have one of ...
ext4 – A follow-up for ext3 and also a journaled filesystem with support for extents. ext3cow – A versioning file system form of ext3. FAT – File Allocation Table, initially used on DOS and Microsoft Windows and now widely used for portable USB storage and some other devices; FAT12, FAT16 and FAT32 for 12-, 16-and 32-bit table depths.
In computing, an extent is a contiguous area of storage reserved for a file in a file system, represented as a range of block numbers, or tracks on count key data devices. A file can consist of zero or more extents; one file fragment requires one extent.
For example, ext2 and its successors store the data of symlinks (typically file names) in this way if the data is no more than 60 bytes ("fast symbolic links"). [23] Ext4 has a file system option called inline_data that allows ext4 to perform inlining if enabled during file system creation. Because an inode's size is limited, this only works ...