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Water softening is the removal of calcium, magnesium, and certain other metal cations in hard water. The resulting soft water requires less soap for the same cleaning effort, as soap is not wasted bonding with calcium ions. Soft water also extends the lifetime of plumbing by reducing or eliminating scale build-up in pipes
Like water softeners, dealkalizers contain ion-exchange resins that are regenerated with a concentrated salt solution - NaCl. In the case of a water softener, the cation exchange resin is exchanging sodium (the Na + ion of NaCl) for hardness minerals such as calcium and magnesium. A dealkalizer contains strong base anion exchange resin that ...
Hard water can damage hot-water appliances, in addition to your skin and hair. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 more ways to reach ...
Dishwasher salt is a particular grade of granulated, crystalline sodium chloride intended for regenerating the water softener circuit of household or industrial dishwashers. Analogous to water softener salt, dishwasher salt regenerates ion exchange resins , expelling the therein trapped calcium and magnesium ions that characterize hard water .
The hard ions such as calcium (Ca 2+) and magnesium (Mg 2+) adhere to the sulfonate groups, displacing sodium ions. The resulting solution of sodium ions is softened. Idealized image of water softening process involving replacement of calcium ions in water with sodium ions donated by a cation exchange resin.
Recommendations for magnesium have been put at a minimum of 10 mg/L with 20–30 mg/L optimum; for calcium a 20 mg/L minimum and a 40–80 mg/L optimum, and a total water hardness (adding magnesium and calcium) of 2 to 4 mmol/L. At water hardness above 5 mmol/L, higher incidence of gallstones, kidney stones, urinary stones, arthrosis, and ...