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Into the Breach: American Women Overseas in World War I (1991) Wagner, Nancy O'Brien. "Awfully Busy These Days: Red Cross Women in France during World War I." Minnesota History 63#1 (2012): 24–35. online; Zeiger, Susan. In Uncle Sam's Service: Women Workers with the American Expeditionary Force, 1917-1919 (Cornell UP, 1999).
Women in America during, World War I, performing farm labor to address the food shortages. During WWI (1914-1918), large numbers of women were recruited into jobs that had either been vacated by men who had gone to fight in the war, or had been created as part of the war effort.
Many women volunteered on the home front as nurses, teachers, and workers in traditionally male jobs. [42] Wealthy expatriate women from the United States set up an organization called the American Women's War Relief Fund in England in 1914 order to buy ambulances, support hospitals and provide economic opportunities to women during the war.
The first American women enlisted into the regular armed forces were 13,000 women admitted into active duty in the U.S. Navy during the war. They served stateside in jobs and received the same benefits and responsibilities as men, including identical pay (US$28.75 per month), and were treated as veterans after the war.
During the Second World War, women's contributions to industrial labor in factories located on the home front kept society and the military running while the world was in chaos. [2] Women in the Western World also gained more opportunities to serve directly in their country's armed forces, which they had limited opportunities to do in WWI. [ 8 ]
"World War One Timeline". UK: BBC. "New Zealand and the First World War (timeline)". New Zealand Government. "Timeline: Australia in the First World War, 1914-1918". Australian War Memorial. "World War I: Declarations of War from around the Globe". Law Library of Congress. "Timeline of the First World War on 1914-1918-Online.
The first African-American woman sworn into the Navy Nurse Corps was Phyllis Mae Dailey, a Columbia University student from New York, on March 8, 1945. She was the first of only four African-American women to serve as a Navy nurse during World War II. [26] The first five African-American women entered the Coast Guard Women's Reserve (SPARs).
Canada: Over 2,800 women serve in the Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps during the war. Women also receive training in small arms, first aid and vehicle maintenance in anticipation of being used as home guards. [25] New Zealand: Nurses in the New Zealand Army Nursing Service serve on hospital ships and in hospitals at the front in France. [26]