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In its early stages of development, soil loss tolerance rates were inconsistent because they were obtained based on rough estimates. From 1961 to 1962, several groups of soil in the United States were designated with T rates ranging from 2 to 6 tons per acre per year. The rate was subsequently adjusted to 1 to 5 tons per acre per year. [5]
Stone, 16 cubic feet (0.453 m 3) Salt, 42 US bushels (1.480 m 3) Lime, 40 US bushels (1.410 m 3) Coke, 28 US bushels (0.99 m 3) Wheat, 20 US bushels (0.705 m 3) The nearest thing to a standard cubic ton seems to be the "timber" cubic ton (40 cubic feet or 1.133 cubic metres) which is used by freight transport operators in the US. [1] [2]
In surface mining, stripping ratio or strip ratio refers to the amount of waste (or overburden) that must be removed to release a given ore quantity. [1] [2] It is a number or ratio that express how much waste is mined per unit of ore.
a) top soil and colluvium b) mature residual soil c) young residual soil d) weathered rock Soil deposits are affected by the mechanism of transport and deposition to their location. Soils that are not transported are called residual soils —they exist at the same location as the rock from which they were generated.
The specific weight, also known as the unit weight (symbol γ, the Greek letter gamma), is a volume-specific quantity defined as the weight W divided by the volume V of a material: = / Equivalently, it may also be formulated as the product of density, ρ, and gravity acceleration, g: = Its unit of measurement in the International System of Units (SI) is newton per cubic metre (N/m 3), with ...
The void ratio of a mixture of solids and fluids (gases and liquids), or of a porous composite material such as concrete, is the ratio of the volume of the voids filled by the fluids to the volume of all the solids ().