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The second and third standards adjust the scale of distance and factor income to define a food desert. In the US, a food desert is a low-income census tract residing at least 0.5 miles (0.80 km) in urban areas (10 miles (16 km) in rural areas), or 1 mile (1.6 km) away in urban areas (20 miles in rural areas) from a large grocery store. [10]
[3] A food desert defined by the United States Department of Agriculture's Healthy Food Financing Initiative working group, is a "low income census tract where a substantial number or share of residents has low access to a supermarket or large grocery store." [4]
Not all Opportunity Zones are in low income communities. Per Internal Revenue Code Section 1400Z-1(e), up to five percent of the Opportunity Zones in each state can be non-low income tracts contiguous to low-income tracts. [6] In December 2019, Treasury issued final regulatory guidance on Qualified Opportunity Fund investing. [7]
Of these, the lowest quartile were designated "low income." Following the 1970 census, attribute-based measures were translated to purely statistical ones, defining "low-income areas" as census tracts with 20%–39% of inhabitants falling under the poverty line, and labeling areas with 40% or more impoverished inhabitants as "high" or "extreme ...
To qualify as an exurb in the Finding Exurbia report, a census tract must meet three criteria: Economic connection to a large metropolis. Low housing density: bottom third of census tracts with regard to housing density. In 2000, this was a minimum of 2.6 acres (11,000 m 2) per resident. Population growth exceeding the average for its ...
The Locator provides a spatial view of food deserts, defined as a low-income census tract where a substantial number or share of residents has low access to a supermarket or large grocery store. The mapped deserts can be used to direct agency resources to increase access to fresh fruits and vegetables and other food assistance programs. [70]
The data below is for annual median household income in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico — the data is based on 2013–2017 American Community Survey data from the U.S. Census Bureau; populations are also from the 2013–2017 American Community Survey.
The National Historical Geographic Information System (NHGIS) is a historical GIS project to create and freely disseminate a database incorporating all available aggregate census information for the United States between 1790 and 2010. The project has created one of the largest collections in the world of statistical census information, much of ...