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The majority of the population of Iran (approximately 80%) consists of Iranic peoples. [1] The largest groups in this category include Persians, mostly referred to as Fars (who form 61% of the Iranian population) and Kurds (who form 10% of the Iranian population), with other communities including Semnanis, Khorasani Kurds, Larestanis, Khorasani Balochs, Gilakis, Laks, Mazandaranis, Lurs, Tats ...
The Persians (/ ˈ p ɜːr ʒ ən z / PUR-zhənz or / ˈ p ɜːr ʃ ən z / PUR-shənz) are a Western Iranian ethnic group who comprise the majority of the population of Iran. [4] They share a common cultural system and are native speakers of the Persian language [6] [7] [8] as well as of the languages that are closely related to Persian.
Iran's ethnic diversity means that the languages of Iran come from a number of linguistic origins, although the primary language spoken and used is Persian.The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran asserts that the Persian language alone must be used for schooling and for all official government communications.
[119] [120] Moreover, various Turkic-speaking ethnic groups of the Iranian Plateau are often conversant also in an Iranian language and embrace Iranian culture to the extent that the term Turko-Iranian would be applied. [121] A number of Iranian peoples were also intermixed with the Slavs, [9] and many were subjected to Slavicisation. [10] [11]
The largest linguistic group comprises speakers of Iranian languages, like modern Persian, Kurdish, Gilaki, Mazandarani, Luri, Talysh, and Balochi. Speakers of Turkic languages, most notably Azerbaijanis, which is by far the second-most spoken language in the country, but also the Turkmen, and the Qashqai peoples, comprise a substantial minority.
Azerbaijanis comprise the largest minority ethnic group in Iran. Apart from Iranian Azerbaijan (provinces of West Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan, Ardabil and Zanjan), Azerbaijani populations are found in large numbers in four other provinces: Hamadan (includes other Turkic ethnic groups such as Afshar, Gharehgozloo, Shahsevan, and Baharloo [27] [28]), [29] Qazvin, [30] Markazi, [31] and Kurdistan.
Although after the Arab conquest of the Sasanian Persian empire in the 7th century, many Arab tribes settled in different parts of Iran, it is the Arab tribes of Khuzestan that have retained their identity in language, culture, and Shia Islam to the present day
Several languages are spoken throughout Iran, including languages from the Iranian, Turkic, and Semitic language families. According to the CIA World Factbook , 78% of Iranians speak an Iranian language as their native tongue , 18% speak a Turkic language as their native tongue and 2% speak a Semitic language as their native tongue while the ...