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The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life.Every cell consists of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane; many cells contain organelles, each with a specific function.
The eukaryotes (/ j uː ˈ k ær i oʊ t s,-ə t s / yoo-KARR-ee-ohts, -əts) [4] constitute the domain of Eukaryota or Eukarya, organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.All animals, plants, fungi, seaweeds, and many unicellular organisms are eukaryotes.
A cell type is a classification used to identify cells that share morphological or phenotypical features. [1] A multicellular organism may contain cells of a number of widely differing and specialized cell types, such as muscle cells and skin cells, that differ both in appearance and function yet have identical genomic sequences.
The cytoplasm describes all the material within a eukaryotic or prokaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, including the organelles [1] and excluding the nucleus in eukaryotic cells.
Charles Darwin in 1868. Darwinism is a term used to describe a theory of biological evolution developed by the English naturalist Charles Darwin (1809–1882) and others. The theory states that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's ability to compete, survive, and reproduce.
Diagram of a prokaryotic cell, a bacterium with a flagellum. A prokaryote (/ p r oʊ ˈ k ær i oʊ t,-ə t /; less commonly spelled procaryote) [1] is a single-celled organism whose cell lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. [2]
Nitrobacter is a genus comprising rod-shaped, gram-negative, and chemoautotrophic bacteria. [1] The name Nitrobacter derives from the Latin neuter gender noun nitrum, nitri, alkalis; the Ancient Greek noun βακτηρία, βακτηρίᾱς, rod.
Penicillium roqueforti is a common saprotrophic fungus in the genus Penicillium.Widespread in nature, it can be isolated from soil, decaying organic matter, and plants. The major industrial use of this fungus is the production of blue cheeses, flavouring agents, antifungals, polysaccharides, proteases, and other enzymes.