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Prevalence of infertility varies depending on the definition, i.e. on the time span involved in the failure to conceive. Infertility rates have increased by 4% since the 1980s, mostly from problems with fecundity due to an increase in age. [89] Fertility problems affect one in seven couples in the UK.
The following will cover the advancements of female fertility agents, major causes of female infertility. Next, it emphasizes on common female fertility agents in terms of their mechanism of action, side effects, fetal consideration and clinical application and ended up by the introduction of supplements and herbal medicines for female infertility.
It affects an estimated 48 million women, [2] with the highest prevalence of infertility affecting women in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa/Middle East, and Central/Eastern Europe and Central Asia. [2] Infertility is caused by many sources, including nutrition, diseases, and other malformations of the uterus.
In the United States, infertility affects 1.5 million couples. [100] [101] The rates of infertility in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are difficult to measure due to varying definitions of the condition. When infertility is defined as failure to have a successful birth, the MENA region has a very high rate at 33%.
Birth control, also known as contraception, anticonception, and fertility control, is the use of methods or devices to prevent pregnancy. [1] [2] Birth control has been used since ancient times, but effective and safe methods of birth control only became available in the 20th century. [3]
Fertility medications, also known as fertility drugs, are medications which enhance reproductive fertility. For women, fertility medication is used to stimulate follicle development of the ovary . [ 1 ]
The predicted effect of age on female fertility in women trying to get pregnant, without using fertility drugs or in vitro fertilization: [38] At age 30 75% will conceive ending in a live birth within one year; 91% will conceive ending in a live birth within four years. At age 35 66% will conceive ending in a live birth within one year
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) includes medical procedures used primarily to address infertility.This subject involves procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and cryopreservation of gametes and embryos, and the use of fertility medication.