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Plant disease triangle. Epidemiology is the study of factors affecting the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases. [10] A disease triangle describes the basic factors required for plant diseases. These are the host plant, the pathogen, and the environment. Any one of these can be modified to control a disease. [11]
Pseudomonas syringae is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium with polar flagella.As a plant pathogen, it can infect a wide range of species, and exists as over 50 different pathovars, [2] all of which are available to researchers from international culture collections such as the NCPPB, ICMP, and others.
Resistance genes (R-Genes) are genes in plant genomes that convey plant disease resistance against pathogens by producing R proteins. The main class of R-genes consist of a nucleotide binding domain (NB) and a leucine rich repeat (LRR) domain(s) and are often referred to as (NB-LRR) R-genes or NLRs. [1]
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants. Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of ascomycete fungi in the order Erysiphales . Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant diseases to identify, as the signs of the causal pathogen are quite distinctive.
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). [1] Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi , oomycetes , bacteria , viruses , viroids , virus -like organisms, phytoplasmas , protozoa , nematodes and parasitic plants . [ 2 ]
Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) is a technique used to identify genetic markers associated with a mutant phenotype.This allows geneticists to discover genes conferring certain traits of interest, such as disease resistance or susceptibility.
Many phytoplasma-infected plants develop a bushy or "witches' broom" appearance due to changes in their normal growth patterns. Most plants exhibit apical dominance, but infection can trigger the proliferation of axillary (side) shoots and a reduction in internode size. [8] Such symptoms are actually useful in the commercial production of ...
Identification of plants that may be less desirable in other ways, but which carry a useful disease resistance trait, including wild plant lines that often express enhanced resistance. Crossing of a desirable but disease-susceptible variety to a plant that is a source of resistance.