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Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. [1] It is used to improve the quality of plant products for use by humans and animals. [2] The goals of plant breeding are to produce crop varieties that boast unique and superior traits for a variety of applications.
Cross-pollination, where pollen from one plant can only fertilize a different plant; Asexual propagation (e.g. runners from strawberry plants) where the new plant is genetically identical to its parent; Apomixis (self-cloning), where seeds are produced asexually and the new plant is genetically identical to its parent
Other molecular breeding tool include development of genetically modified crops that can tolerate plant stress. As a complement to the recent rapid progress in genomics , a better understanding of physiological mechanisms of dehydration response will also contribute to the progress of genetic enhancement of crop drought resistance.
New Breeding Techniques (NBT), also named New Plant Engineering Techniques, are a suite of methods that could increase and accelerate the development of new traits in plant breeding. [1] These new techniques, often involve 'genome editing' whose intention is to modify DNA at specific locations within the plants' genes so that new traits and ...
Robert Wayne Allard (September 3, 1919 – March 25, 2003) was an American plant breeder and plant population geneticist who is widely regarded as one of the leading plant population geneticists of the 20th century. [1]
Plant breeders' rights; Plant Breeding Institute; Plant genetic resources; International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture; Polygenic score; PRI disease resistant apple breeding program; Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act, 2001
Farmers have used traditional breeding methods for millennia, wild maize (Zea mexicana) is routinely grown alongside maize to promote natural crossing and improve yields. More recently, plant breeders have utilised CWR genes to improve a wide range of crops like rice ( Oryza sativa ), tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) and grain legumes .
The PPV&FR Act, 2001 was enacted to grant intellectual property rights to plant breeders, researchers and farmers who develop any new or extant plant varieties. The intellectual property right granted under PPV & FR Act, 2001 is a dual right – one is for the variety and the other is for the denomination assigned to it by the breeder.