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In the wild, diseases and parasites are normally at low levels, and kept in check by natural predation on weakened individuals. In crowded net pens they can become epidemics. Diseases and parasites also transfer from farmed to wild salmon populations.
In 1972, Gyrodactylus salaris, also called salmon fluke, a monogenean parasite, spread from Norwegian hatcheries to wild salmon, and devastated some wild salmon populations. [45] In 1984, infectious salmon anemia (ISAV) was discovered in Norway in an Atlantic salmon hatchery. Eighty per cent of the fish in the outbreak died.
Gyrodactylus salaris, commonly known as salmon fluke, [1] salmon killer, or the Norwegian salmon killer is a tiny monogenean ectoparasite which lives on the body surface of freshwater fish. [2] This leech-like parasite has been implicated in the reduction of Atlantic salmon populations in the Norwegian fjords . [ 3 ]
1975: Gyrodactylus, a small monogenean parasite, spreads from Norwegian hatcheries to wild salmon, probably by means of fishing gear, and devastates some wild salmon populations. [38] Late 1970s: Salmon farms established in Chile and New Zealand. 1984: Infectious salmon anemia, a viral disease, is discovered in a Norwegian salmon hatchery ...
Some evidence indicates that sea lice flourishing on salmon farms can spread to nearby wild juvenile salmon and devastate these populations. [29] Sea lice, particularly L. salmonis and various Caligus species, including C. clemensi and C. rogercresseyi, can cause deadly infestations of both farm-grown and wild salmon.
Salmon flesh is generally orange to red, although white-fleshed wild salmon with white-black skin colour occurs. The natural colour of salmon results from carotenoid pigments, largely astaxanthin, but also canthaxanthin, in the flesh. [116] Wild salmon get these carotenoids from eating krill and other tiny shellfish.
1. Farm-Raised Salmon. Some farm-raised salmon may contain more parasites than its wild-caught counterpart due to the densely populated conditions of fish farms, which can foster a breeding ground ...
Myxobolus cerebralis is a myxosporean parasite of salmonids (salmon and trout species) that causes whirling disease in farmed salmon and trout and also in wild fish populations. It was first described in rainbow trout in Germany in 1893, but its range has spread and it has appeared in most of Europe (including Russia), the United States, South ...