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The AP2 adaptor complex is a multimeric protein that works on the cell membrane to internalize cargo in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. [1] It is a stable complex of four adaptins which give rise to a structure that has a core domain and two appendage domains attached to the core domain by polypeptide linkers.
aP2 (adipocyte Protein 2) [5] is a carrier protein for fatty acids that is primarily expressed in adipocytes and macrophages. aP2 is also called fatty acid binding protein 4 ( FABP4 ). Blocking this protein either through genetic engineering or drugs [ 6 ] has the possibility of treating heart disease and the metabolic syndrome .
AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP2A1 gene. [5] This gene encodes the alpha 1 adaptin subunit of the adaptor protein 2 (AP2 adaptors) complex found in clathrin coated vesicles. The AP-2 complex is a heterotetramer consisting of two large adaptins (alpha or beta), a medium adaptin (mu), and a small ...
AP2 adaptor complex associates with the plasma membrane and is responsible for endocytosis. [7] AP3 is responsible for protein trafficking to lysosomes and other related organelles. [8] AP4 is less well characterised. AP complexes are heterotetramers composed of two large subunits (adaptins), a medium subunit (mu) and a small subunit (sigma).
The encoded protein is required for the activity of a vacuolar ATPase, which is responsible for proton pumping occurring in the acidification of endosomes and lysosomes. The encoded protein may also play an important role in regulating the intracellular trafficking and function of CTLA-4 protein.
The concentration of a certain protein in a sample may be determined using spectrophotometric procedures. [5] The concentration of a protein can be determined by measuring the OD at 280 nm on a spectrophotometer, which can be used with a standard curve assay to quantify the presence of tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. [6]
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Adaptor-associated protein kinase 1 also known as AP2-associated protein kinase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AAK1 gene [5] [6] [7] and is involved in clathrin mediated endocytosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described, but their biological validity has not been determined.