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The pluralism in economics movement is a campaign to change the teaching and research in economics towards more openness in its approaches, topics and standpoints it considers. The goal of the movement is to "reinvigorate the discipline ... [and bring] economics back into the service of society". [1]
Classical pluralism is the view that politics and decision-making are located mostly in the framework of government but that many non-governmental groups use their resources to exert influence. The central question for classical pluralism is how power and influence are distributed in a political process. Groups of individuals try to maximize ...
Cultural pluralism, when small groups within a larger society maintain their unique cultural identities; Media pluralism, the representation of different cultural groups and political opinions in the media; Pluralist commonwealth, a systemic model of wealth democratization; Pluralism in economics, a campaign to enrich the academic discipline of ...
A particular form of epistemological pluralism is dualism, for example, the separation of methods for investigating mind from those appropriate to matter (see mind–body problem). By contrast, monism is the restriction to a single approach, for example, reductionism , which asserts the study of all phenomena can be seen as finding relations to ...
The formalist model is closely linked to neoclassical economics, defining economics as the study of choice under conditions of scarcity.All societies are therefore a collection of "choice making individuals whose every action involves conscious or unconscious selections among alternative means to alternative ends" or culturally defined goals.
Pluralism as a political philosophy is the diversity within a political body, which is seen to permit the peaceful coexistence of different interests, convictions, and lifestyles. [1] While not all political pluralists advocate for a pluralist democracy , this is the most common stance, because democracy is often viewed as the most fair and ...
For example, a topic in ontological pluralism is the comparison of the modes of existence of things like 'humans' and 'cars' with things like 'numbers' and some other concepts as they are used in science. [1] In epistemology, pluralism is the position that there is not one consistent means of approaching truths about the world, but rather many.
Economic democracy (sometimes called a democratic economy [1] [2]) is a socioeconomic philosophy that proposes to shift ownership [3] [4] [5] and decision-making power from corporate shareholders and corporate managers (such as a board of directors) to a larger group of public stakeholders that includes workers, consumers, suppliers, communities and the broader public.