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  2. Multiple inheritance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_inheritance

    The "diamond problem" (sometimes referred to as the "Deadly Diamond of Death" [6]) is an ambiguity that arises when two classes B and C inherit from A, and class D inherits from both B and C. If there is a method in A that B and C have overridden , and D does not override it, then which version of the method does D inherit: that of B, or that of C?

  3. Factory method pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_method_pattern

    In object-oriented programming, the factory method pattern is a design pattern that uses factory methods to deal with the problem of creating objects without having to specify their exact classes. Rather than by calling a constructor , this is accomplished by invoking a factory method to create an object.

  4. Object-oriented programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_programming

    Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, [1] which can contain data and code: data in the form of fields (often known as attributes or properties), and code in the form of procedures (often known as methods).

  5. Comparison of programming languages (object-oriented ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    This comparison of programming languages compares how object-oriented programming languages such as C++, Java, Smalltalk, Object Pascal, Perl, Python, and others manipulate data structures. Object construction and destruction

  6. Inheritance (object-oriented programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inheritance_(object...

    Circle–ellipse problem; Defeasible reasoning – Reasoning that is rationally compelling, though not deductively valid; Interface (computing) – Shared boundary between elements of a computing system; Method overriding – Language feature in object-oriented programming; Mixin – Class in object-oriented programming languages

  7. Singleton pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern

    In object-oriented programming, the singleton pattern is a software design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to a singular instance. It is one of the well-known "Gang of Four" design patterns, which describe how to solve recurring problems in object-oriented software. [1]

  8. Builder pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Builder_pattern

    The builder pattern is a design pattern that provides a flexible solution to various object creation problems in object-oriented programming.The builder pattern separates the construction of a complex object from its representation.

  9. Encapsulation (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encapsulation_(computer...

    All object-oriented programming (OOP) systems support encapsulation, [2] [3] but encapsulation is not unique to OOP. Implementations of abstract data types, modules, and libraries also offer encapsulation. The similarity has been explained by programming language theorists in terms of existential types. [4]