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A defensive armament subsystem, the XM33 provides a mount for either an M60D 7.62×51mm or an M2HB .50-caliber machine gun on the rear cargo ramp of the CH-47 helicopter. This system was developed specifically for the ACH-47 helicopter, with the weapon feeding from standard ammunition boxes.
Although helicopters had mounted single-barrel machine guns, using them to repel attackers hidden in the dense jungle foliage often led to overheated barrels or cartridge jams. [ 8 ] To develop a more reliable weapon with a higher rate of fire, General Electric designers scaled down the rotary-barrel 20 mm M61 Vulcan cannon for 7.62×51mm NATO ...
In 1972, Hughes Helicopters began a company-funded research effort to design a machine gun to fire the U.S. Army's M50 20 mm round. [6] By April 1973, the program had fired test rounds of more powerful 30 mm WECOM linked ammunition, from a prototype (A model).
The magazine would be located underneath the cabin floor and could be reloaded in-flight. However, plans to mount the gun were later dropped. [4] In December 1992 the US Navy issued a letter of qualification for GAU-19/A integration and use on naval aircraft. In 2005, the GAU-19/A was approved to be mounted on the OH-58D Kiowa helicopter.
An M60D machine gun on the M23 Armament Subsystem. The M60D is a mounted variant of the standard M60. It can be mounted on boats, vehicles and as a pintle-mounted door gun in helicopters. When used in aircraft, it differs from the M60C in that it is not controlled by the pilot—rather, it is mounted in a door and operated by a member of the crew.
XM14 Gun Pod. A pod developed for both fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters, fitted with a single M3.50 caliber machine gun. [3] The pod carried 750 rounds of ammunition and provided a pneumatic charging system for the weapon. [5] This system was used on the JOV-1A and UH-1 series of helicopters. [6] [7]
The M197 is also mounted as a chin turret in South Korea's KAI LAH helicopter. XM197 cannon on an AU-23A. The M197 was also mounted into the AU-23A as a handheld Door gun. The XM301 was an improved M197 intended to be the gun on the later canceled RAH-66 Comanche. The weapon's current contractor is General Dynamics Armament Systems.
For the majority of the Vietnam War, the principal weapon of the door gunner was a medium machine gun (MG), initially, a M1919A4 .30 caliber MG, and soon thereafter, the M60 7.62mm MG became the standard helicopter door armament system. Initially however not all helicopters were armed or outfitted with a dedicated MG for door armament.