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The United States Constitution establishes the vice president as president of the Senate, with the authority to cast a tie-breaking vote. Early vice presidents took an active role in regularly presiding over proceedings of the body, with the president pro tempore only being called on during the vice president's absence.
In contrast, the Constitution is silent about which federal official would preside were the vice president on trial by the Senate. [12] [50] No vice president has ever been impeached, thus leaving it unclear whether an impeached vice president could, as president of the Senate, preside at their own impeachment trial.
Both attempts (in 1948 and 1968) narrowly failed; in both cases, a shift in the result of two or three close states would have forced these respective elections into the House (for president) and Senate (for vice president). [35] [36] In modern elections, a running mate is often selected in order to appeal to a different set of voters.
The vice president had ruled that Senator Reed was entitled to move to table a motion to amend Senate Rule XXII regarding limitation of debate and all the amendments to that motion. Senator Lodge appealed the ruling. [98] Yea: 46-45 The ruling of the vice president was sustained. The Senate proceeded to consider Senator Reed's motion.
The Appointments Clause appears at Article II, Section 2, Clause 2 and provides:... and [the President] shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be ...
The vice president has three constitutional functions: to replace the president in the event of death, disability or resignation; to count the votes of electors for president and vice president and declare the winners before a joint session of Congress; and to preside over the Senate (with the role of breaking ties).
Congress, as empowered by the amended Constitution, set the line of succession in the absence of a president or vice president to be the Speaker of the House (vacant), then the Senate pro-tem ...
Section 2 provides a mechanism for filling a vacancy in the vice presidency. Before the Twenty-fifth Amendment, a vice-presidential vacancy continued until a new vice president took office at the start of the next presidential term; the vice presidency had become vacant several times due to death, resignation, or succession to the presidency, and these vacancies had often lasted several years.