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Discharge efficiency Self-discharge rate Shelf life Anode Electrolyte ... Low self-discharge nickel–metal hydride battery: 500–1,500 [14] Lithium cobalt oxide ...
How fast self-discharge in a battery occurs is dependent on the type of battery, state of charge, charging current, ambient temperature and other factors. [2] Primary batteries are not designed for recharging between manufacturing and use, and thus to be practical they must have much lower self-discharge rates than older types of secondary cells.
By 2007, monthly self-discharge rate was estimated at 2% to 3%, and 2 [6] –3% by 2016. [68] By comparison, the self-discharge rate for NiMH batteries dropped, as of 2017, from up to 30% per month for previously common cells [69] to about 0.08–0.33% per month for low self-discharge NiMH batteries, and is about 10% per month in NiCd batteries.
This is of course impossible, because the battery will still self-discharge internally with or without zero discharge through a load. The self discharge rate depends on the chemistry and ambient temperature. If the capacity is listed for two discharge rates, the Peukert exponent can be determined algebraically:
The Headway 38120HP cells are used in high-discharge environments as they have very good continuous/peak discharge rates (10C/25C). Because four cells in series produces a voltage range similar to 6 cells of lead-acids and their fire-resistant properties, they can be used to replace a 12 V lead-acid car battery.
Hexagonal lithium polymer battery for underwater vehicles. LiPo cells provide manufacturers with compelling advantages. They can easily produce batteries of almost any desired shape. For example, the space and weight requirements of mobile devices and notebook computers can be met. They also have a low self-discharge rate of about 5% per month ...
Higher discharge rates needed for acceleration, lower weight and longer life makes this battery type ideal for forklifts, bicycles and electric cars. Twelve-volt LiFePO 4 batteries are also gaining popularity as a second (house) battery for a caravan, motor-home or boat.
Trickle charging is the process of charging a fully charged battery at a rate equal to its self-discharge rate, enabling the battery to remain at its fully charged level. This state occurs almost exclusively when the battery is not loaded, as trickle charging will not keep a battery charged if current is being drawn by a load.