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Collagen, type I, alpha 1, also known as alpha-1 type I collagen, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL1A1 gene. COL1A1 encodes the major component of type I collagen , the fibrillar collagen found in most connective tissues , including cartilage .
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (types 1–4): Mutations in COL1alpha 1 and/or COL1alpha2 are known to cause several different types of Osteogenesis Imperfecta with the severity of said diseases being related to the type and frequency of the mutations occurring. [9] For further information on COL1's effect in this disease, see Collagen, type 1, alpha 1.
[1] [2] Alpha collagen is designed to be used as a supplement for osteoarthritis, based on the theory of the different environments of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM of joint cartilage comprises many classes of macromolecules; collagen (type I, II, VI, X collagen fibrils) and proteoglycans.
Type III Collagen is a homotrimer, or a protein composed of three identical peptide chains , each called an alpha 1 chain of type III collagen. Formally, the monomers are called collagen type III, alpha-1 chain and in humans are encoded by the COL3A1 gene .
Collagen alpha-1(IV) chain (COL4A1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A1 gene on chromosome 13. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] It is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues and cell types. [ 7 ] COL4A1 is a subunit of the type IV collagen and plays a role in angiogenesis . [ 8 ]
Collagen alpha-1(V) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL5A1 gene. [5] [6]This gene encodes an alpha chain for one of the low abundance fibrillar collagens. Fibrillar collagen molecules are trimers that can be composed of one or more types of alpha chain