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Hyponatremia is the most common type of electrolyte imbalance, and is often found in older adults. [11] [12] It occurs in about 20% of those admitted to hospital and 10% of people during or after an endurance sporting event. [3] [5] Among those in hospital, hyponatremia is associated with an increased risk of death. [5]
40% of all hospitalized adults aged 65 and older have hyponatremia, with an estimated 25–40% of those cases being due to inappropriate antidiuresis. [2] The incidence of SIADH rises with increasing age with residents of nursing homes being at highest risk. [20]
People with malnutrition are at especially high risk for an electrolyte imbalance. Severe electrolyte imbalances must be treated carefully as there are risks with overcorrecting too quickly, which can result in arrhythmias , brain herniation , or refeeding syndrome depending on the cause of imbalance.
More severe hyponatremia (levels less than 120 mEq/L), particularly if it develops rapidly (defined as occurring over less than 48 hours), can cause confusion, seizures and even lead to death ...
Tea and toast syndrome is a form of malnutrition commonly experienced by elderly people who cannot prepare meals and tend to themselves. The term is not intrinsic to tea or bread products only; rather, it describes limited dietary patterns that lead to reduced calories resulting in a deficiency of vitamins and other nutrients.
People also may not remember where their home is or the loved ones who take care of them, Dr. Kobylarz says. “You can see [the person with dementia] change at a certain time of the day and ...
The sudden darkness will activate behavioral changes known as "sundowning" that many older adults experience every evening 'They get confused': Eclipse could cause anxiety for patients with ...
Hypoosmolar hyponatremia is a condition where hyponatremia is associated with a low plasma osmolality. [1] The term "hypotonic hyponatremia" is also sometimes used. [2] When the plasma osmolarity is low, the extracellular fluid volume status may be in one of three states: low volume, normal volume, or high volume.