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A 3D medical animation still of spleen structure and exact location. The spleen (from Anglo-Norman espleen, ult. from Ancient Greek σπλήν, splḗn) [1] is an organ found in almost all vertebrates. Similar in structure to a large lymph node, it acts primarily as a blood filter. The spleen plays important roles in regard to red blood cells ...
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In human anatomy, the splenic artery or lienal artery, an older term, is the blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the spleen. It branches from the celiac artery, and follows a course superior to the pancreas. It is known for its tortuous path to the spleen.
The spleen is made of red pulp and white pulp, separated by the marginal zone; 76–79% of a normal spleen is red pulp. [4] Unlike white pulp, which mainly contains lymphocytes such as T cells, red pulp is made up of several different types of blood cells, including platelets, granulocytes, red blood cells, and plasma. [1]
The fibroelastic coat of the spleen invests the organ, and at the hilum is reflected inward upon the vessels in the form of sheaths. From these sheaths, as well as from the inner surface of the fibroelastic coat, numerous small fibrous bands, the trabeculae of the spleen (or splenic trabeculae), emerge from all directions; these uniting, constitute the frame-work of the spleen.
The cords of Billroth (also known as splenic cords or red pulp cords) are found in the red pulp of the spleen between the sinusoids, consisting of fibrils and connective tissue cells with a large population of monocytes and macrophages.
The splenic vein is formed from small venules that leave the spleen. It travels above the pancreas, alongside the splenic artery.It collects branches from the stomach and pancreas, and most notably from the large intestine (also drained by the superior mesenteric vein) via the inferior mesenteric vein, which drains in the splenic vein shortly before the origin of the hepatic portal vein.
Small intestine may loop through a perforation in the gastrosplenic ligament, ending lateral to the spleen and stomach. [1] This is known as gastrosplenic ligament entrapment, and is usually caused by abdominal trauma. [4] This is corrected with surgery. [1]