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Ideological criticism is a method in rhetorical criticism concerned with critiquing texts for the dominant ideology they express while silencing opposing or contrary ideologies. Modern Ideological criticismwas started by a group of scholars roughly in the late-1970s through the mid-1980s at universities in the United States.
Conflict theories are perspectives in political philosophy and sociology which argue that individuals and groups (social classes) within society interact on the basis of conflict rather than agreement, while also emphasizing social psychology, historical materialism, power dynamics, and their roles in creating power structures, social movements, and social arrangements within a society.
Ideological polarization refers to the extent to which the electorate has divergent beliefs on ideological issues (e.g., abortion or affirmative action) or beliefs that are consistently conservative or liberal across a range of issues (e.g., having a conservative position on both abortion and affirmative action even if those positions are not ...
In sociology, contested ideological terrain is a theoretical framework that looks at sport as a cultural practice that reinforces both the certain existing power dynamics and the agency of human groups and individuals. Instead of looking at sport as a purely positive force, where individuals and groups of people can use sport as a means of ...
ideological asymmetry (as status increases, so do beliefs legitimizing and/or enhancing the current social hierarchy) Although the nature of these hierarchical differences and inequality differs across cultures and societies, significant commonalities have been verified empirically using the social dominance orientation (SDO) scale.
An ideology is a set of beliefs or philosophies attributed to a person or group of persons, especially those held for reasons that are not purely about belief in certain knowledge, [1] [2] in which "practical elements are as prominent as theoretical ones". [3]
[2] [3] [4] In the last few decades, the U.S. has experienced a greater surge in ideological polarization and affective polarization than comparable democracies. [5] Differences in political ideals and policy goals are indicative of a healthy democracy. [6]
It also emphasizes the key role played by socialization, moral culture, and informal social controls rather than state coercion or market pressures. It provides an alternative to liberal individualism and a major counterpoint to authoritarian communitarianism by stressing that strong rights presume strong responsibilities and that one should ...