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These early inhabitants referred to themselves as "men of Sidon" or the like, according to their city of origin. The Canaanites were city-state settlers, who established colonies throughout the Mediterranean (see: List of Phoenician cities) into a form of a Thalassocracy as opposed to an established empire with a designated capital city.
The El-Assaads are considered as "Bakaweit" (title of nobility plural of "Bek" granted to a few wealthy families in Lebanon in the early 18th century), and previously considered princes, however titles have changed over time. [43] [44] During the El-Assaad era, provincial governors operated with the consent of local clans.
Israeli withdrawal from southern Lebanon, putting an end to 18 years of Israeli occupation. [4] 2005: February: Following the assassination of Rafic Hariri, who opposed Syrian presence in Lebanon, the Cedar Revolution took place: following massive, peaceful demonstrations, the Syrian troops completely withdrew from Lebanon on 27 April 2005. 2006
It created a framework narrative for future scholars of a maritime-based trading society with linguistic and philological influence across the region. [7] However, early scholars like Bochart presented the Phoenicians as merchants and colonists from the same region, rather than a fully-fledged ethnocultural group. [ 8 ]
600 BC: Coins in Phoenicia (Modern Lebanon) or Lydia. [217] Late 7th or early 6th century BC: Wagonway called Diolkos across the Isthmus of Corinth in Ancient Greece. With the Greco-Roman trispastos ("three-pulley-crane"), the simplest ancient crane, a single man tripled the weight he could lift than with his muscular strength alone. [218]
Anatomically modern Homo sapiens are demonstrated at the area of Mount Carmel [8] in Canaan during the Middle Paleolithic dating from c. 90,000 BC.These migrants out of Africa seem to have been unsuccessful, [9] and by c. 60,000 BC in the Levant, Neanderthal groups seem to have benefited from the worsening climate and replaced Homo sapiens, who were possibly confined once more to Africa.
Archaeology of Lebanon includes thousands of years of history ranging from Lower Palaeolithic, Phoenician, Roman, Arab, Ottoman, and Crusades periods.. Overview of Baalbek in the late 19th century Archaeological site in Beirut Greek inscription on one of the tombs found in the Roman-Byzantine necropolis, Tyre Trihedral Neolithic axe or pick from Joub Jannine II, Lebanon.
Lebanon, [b] officially the Republic of Lebanon, [c] is a country in the Levant region of West Asia.Situated at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian Peninsula, [11] it is bordered by Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west; Cyprus lies a short distance from the coastline.