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Genghis Khan [a] (born Temüjin; c. 1162 – August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, [b] was the founder and first khan of the Mongol Empire. After spending most of his life uniting the Mongol tribes , he launched a series of military campaigns , conquering large parts of China and Central Asia .
Translation of Oljeitu's message by Buscarello de Ghizolfi, on the back of the letter (visible here). Imperial seal of Bogd Khan in 1911. From left to right: in Soyombo, Classical Mongolian and ʼPhags-pa. The Imperial Seal of the Mongols is a seal that was used by the Mongols.
The Daur Mongol scholar Urgunge Onon published the first translation into English by a native Mongolian in 1990, based on a 1980 Inner Mongolian version by Eldengtei. This was republished as The Secret History of the Mongols: The Life and Times of Chinggis Khan in 2001. A further English translation by Christopher P. Atwood appeared in 2023.
' Campaigns of Genghis Khan ') is a Chinese translation of a Mongolian chronicle describing the lives of Genghis Khan (previously named Temüjin) and his son Ögedei Khan. Much of the chronicle was derived from the Altan Debter (lit. ' Golden Book '), a now-lost state history of the Mongol Empire.
Ögedei Khan, the third son of Genghis Khan and the second Great Khan, proclaimed the Great Yassa as an integral body of precedents at his coronation at the kurultai of 1229. [4] He confirmed the continuing validity of his father's commands and ordinances, and added his own. Ögedei codified rules of dress, as well as the conduct of the kurultais.
Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World (2004) is a history book written by Jack Weatherford, Dewitt Wallace Professor of Anthropology at Macalester College. It is a narrative of the rise and influence of Mongol leader Genghis Khan and his successors, and their influence on European civilization. Weatherford provides a different slant ...
[sʊbeːˈdɛ]; Chinese: 速不台; c. 1175–1248) was a Mongol general and the primary military strategist of Genghis Khan and Ögedei Khan. [1] Subutai ultimately directed more than 20 campaigns and won 65 pitched battles , during which he conquered more territory than any other commander in history as part of the expansion of the Mongol ...
Tata-tonga or Tatatunga (/ ˌ t æ t ə ˈ t ʊ ŋ ɡ ə /; Mongolian: ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠲᠤᠩᠭ ᠠ Тататунга [ˈtʰatʰatʰʊɴɢ(ə)]) was a 13th-century Uyghur scribe captured by Genghis Khan from the Naimans.