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Phosgene is an organic chemical compound with the formula COCl 2. It is a toxic, colorless gas; in low concentrations, its musty odor resembles that of freshly cut ...
Phosgene oxime, or CX, is an organic compound with the formula Cl 2 C=N−O H. It is a potent chemical weapon , specifically a nettle agent . The compound itself is a colorless solid, but impure samples are often yellowish liquids.
Many gases have toxic properties, which are often assessed using the LC 50 (median lethal concentration) measure. In the United States, many of these gases have been assigned an NFPA 704 health rating of 4 (may be fatal) or 3 (may cause serious or permanent injury), and/or exposure limits (TLV, TWA/PEL, STEL, or REL) determined by the ACGIH professional association.
The German phosgene attack of 19 December 1915 was the first use of phosgene gas against British troops by the German army. The gas attack took place at Wieltje , north-east of Ypres in Belgian Flanders on the Western Front in the First World War .
Most nettle agents, such as the best known and studied nettle agent, phosgene oxime, are often grouped with the vesicant (blister agent) chemical agents. However, because nettle agents do not cause blisters, they are not true vesicants. [2]
Phosgene (CG) Disulfur decafluoride; Perfluoroisobutene; Acrolein; Diphenylcyanoarsine; Phosgene is the most dangerous commonly used pulmonary agent (although disulfur decafluoride and perfluoroisobutene are both even more dangerous, with respectively 4 and 10 times the lethality of phosgene, neither is widely used). It is a colorless gas under ...
Phosgene reacts with water to form carbon dioxide and HCl, [77] and the carbonate salt neutralizes the resulting acid. [ 78 ] Suspected samples can be tested for phosgene using filter paper which when treated with 5% diphenylamine , 5% dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in ethanol , and then dried, turns yellow in the presence of phosgene vapour. [ 79 ]
Green Cross (Grünkreuz) is a World War I chemical warfare pulmonary agent consisting of chloropicrin (PS, Aquinite, Klop), phosgene (CG, Collongite) and/or trichloromethyl chloroformate (Surpalite, Perstoff). Green Cross is also a generic World War I German marking for artillery shells with pulmonary agents (chemical payload affecting the ...