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Ratzel's father was the head of the household staff of the Grand Duke of Baden. Friedrich attended high school in Karlsruhe for six years before being apprenticed at age 15 to apothecaries. In 1863, he went to Rapperswil on the Lake of Zurich, Switzerland, where he began to study the classics.
Friedrich Ratzel's metaphoric concept of society as an organism—which grows and shrinks in logical relation to its Lebensraum (habitat)—proved especially influential upon the Swedish political scientist and conservative politician Johan Rudolf Kjellén (1864–1922), who interpreted that biological metaphor as a geopolitical natural-law. [18]
Friedrich Ratzel (1844–1904), environmental determinist, invented the term Lebensraum Paul Vidal de la Blache (1845–1918), founder of the French School of geopolitics and possibilism . Sir Halford John Mackinder (1861–1947), author of The Geographical Pivot of History , co-founder of the London School of Economics , along with the ...
Geopolitik was a German school of geopolitics which existed between the late 19th century and World War II.. It developed from the writings of various European and American philosophers, geographers and military personnel, including Oswald Spengler (1880–1936), Alexander Humboldt (1769–1859), Karl Ritter (1779–1859), Friedrich Ratzel (1844–1904), Rudolf Kjellén (1864–1922), Alfred ...
Frobenius was influenced by Richard Andree, and his own teacher Friedrich Ratzel. [ 1 ] These scholars believed that a limited number of Kulturkreise developed at different times and in different places and that all cultures, ancient and modern, resulted from the diffusion of cultural complexes—functionally related groups of culture traits ...
His work was influenced by Friedrich Ratzel. Along with Alexander von Humboldt, Carl Ritter, and Ratzel, Kjellén would lay the foundations for the German Geopolitik that would later be espoused prominently by General Karl Haushofer. Kjellén completed gymnasium in Skara in 1880 and matriculated at Uppsala University the same year.
Ratzel published several papers, among which was the essay "Lebensraum" (1901) concerning biogeography. Ratzel created a foundation for the German variant of geopolitics, geopolitik . Influenced by the American geostrategist Alfred Thayer Mahan, Ratzel wrote of aspirations for German naval reach, agreeing that sea power was self-sustaining, as ...
Friedrich Ratzel in The History of Mankind, [2] when discussing legend preserved in song, reported in 1896 that a chief by the name of Ngahue was driven to flight by a civil war which devastated Hawaiki. After a long journey, he reached New Zealand and returned to Hawaiki with pieces of greenstone and the bones of a giant bird.