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Pressure grouting or jet grouting [1] involves injecting a grout material into otherwise inaccessible but interconnected pore or void space of which neither the configuration or volume are known, and is often referred to simply as grouting. The grout may be a cementitious, resinous, or solution chemical mixture. Some types of injected grout may ...
A schematic of a grout curtain, see drill holes and grouted area. A grout curtain is a barrier that protects the foundation of a dam from seepage and can be made during initial construction or during repair. [1] Additionally, they can be used to strengthen foundations and contain spills.
Pressure grouting can be low pressure or high pressure. "Jet grouting" is a general term used for high pressure grouting where the high pressure air, water and cementing grout are injected into the ground at high velocity. This can be doing with single tube systems to mix the grout with in situ soil to form a grouted "column" in the ground.
The method was first developed in the 1950s by E.A. Smith of the Raymond Pile Driving Company. Wave equation analysis of piles has seen many improvements since the 1950s such as including a thermodynamic diesel hammer model and residual stress. Commercial software packages (such as AllWave-PDP and GRLWEAP) are now available to perform the analysis.
In fluid mechanics, fluid flow through porous media is the manner in which fluids behave when flowing through a porous medium, for example sponge or wood, or when filtering water using sand or another porous material. As commonly observed, some fluid flows through the media while some mass of the fluid is stored in the pores present in the media.
The methods most used to mitigate the problem of the ground-structure interaction consist of the employment of the before-seen isolation systems and of some ground brace techniques, which are adopted above all on the low-quality ones (categories D and E). The most diffused techniques are the jet grouting technique and the pile work technique
Grout sealer is a water-based or solvent-based sealant applied over dried grout that resists water, oil, and acid-based contaminants. Grout cleaner is a basic cleaning solution that is applied on grout lines and removes the dirt and dust. [9] A die grinder is used for faster removal of old grout compared to a standard grout saw.
Based on a method published in 1931 by H.N.Marsh, [1] a Marsh cone is a flow cone with an aspect ratio of 2:1 and a working volume of at least a litre. A Marsh funnel is a Marsh cone with a particular orifice and a working volume of 1.5 litres.