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Central pain syndrome, also known as central neuropathic pain, [1] is a neurological condition consisting of constant moderate to severe pain due to damage to the central nervous system (CNS) which causes a sensitization of the pain system. [2] [3] The extent of pain and the areas affected are related to the cause of the injury. [4]
[5] [6] The pain may result from disorders of the peripheral nervous system or the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). Neuropathic pain may occur in isolation or in combination with other forms of pain. Medical treatments focus on identifying the underlying cause and relieving pain.
Catalepsy is a nervous disorder characterized by immobility and muscular rigidity, along with a decreased sensitivity to pain. Catalepsy is considered a symptom of serious diseases of the nervous system (e.g., Parkinson's disease, Epilepsy, etc.) rather than a disease by itself. Cataleptic fits can range in duration from several minutes to weeks.
Nociplastic pain is caused by an altered function of pain-related sensory pathways in the periphery and the central nervous system, resulting in hypersensitivity. [ 88 ] Nociplastic pain is commonly referred to as "Nociplastic pain syndrome" because it is coupled with other symptoms. [ 16 ]
Inflammation and alteration of pain perception in the central nervous system are proposed to play important roles. The persistent pain and the perception of nonpainful stimuli as painful are thought to be caused by inflammatory molecules ( IL-1 , IL-2 , TNF-alpha ) and neuropeptides ( substance P ) released from peripheral nerves.
Chong noted various ways in which the CNS could be stimulated by acupuncture, including “reduced sympathetic and increased parasympathetic activity, changes in brain wave patterns towards alpha ...
Widespread pain and increased pain have been suggested as important clinical features. [2] Central sensitization is a broader term referring to a hyperexcitability of the nervous system, usually including hyperalgesia (increased sensitivity to pain), and allodynia (painful perception of non-painful stimuli). [6]
Chronic secondary musculoskeletal pain due to disease of the nervous system is associated with central or peripheral nervous system conditions that are categorized elsewhere. It involves pain brought on by changes in sensory and motor function. [30]
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