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Ehrlichiosis is a nationally notifiable disease in the United States. Cases have been reported in every month of the year, but most cases are reported during April–September. [23] [24] [25] These months are also the peak months for tick activity in the United States. [7] The majority of cases of Ehrlichiosis tend to be in the United States.
If ehrlichiosis is suspected, treatment should not be delayed while waiting for a definitive laboratory confirmation, as prompt doxycycline therapy has been associated with improved outcomes. [8] Doxycycline is the treatment of choice. [citation needed] Presentation during early pregnancy can complicate treatment. [9]
Heartwater (also known as cowdriosis, nintas, and ehrlichiosis) is a tick-borne rickettsial disease. [2] The name is derived from the fact that fluid can collect around the heart or in the lungs of infected animals. [ 3 ]
Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection [1] is an infectious disease caused by an intracellular bacteria, Ehrlichia ewingii. [2] The infection is transmitted to humans by the tick, Amblyomma americanum . This tick can also transmit Ehrlichia chaffeensis , the bacteria that causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME).
Ehrlichia chaffeensis. E. chaffeensis causes human monocytic ehrlichiosis and is known to infect monocytes. [1] It has also been known to infect other cell types such as lymphocytes, atypical lymphocytes, myelocytes, and neutrophils, but monocytes appear to best harbor the infection.
Ehrlichia ewingii is a human pathogen which results in a serious infection if not treated in a timely manner. [7] Ehrlichiosis, the disease caused by E. ewingii and E. chaffeensis, presents with fever, headache, fatigue, and muscle aches. [8] These symptoms are extremely unspecific which makes the infections difficult to diagnose. [8]
Ehrlichiosis (/ ˌ ɛər l ɪ k i ˈ oʊ s ɪ s /; also known as canine rickettsiosis, canine hemorrhagic fever, canine typhus, tracker dog disease, and tropical canine pancytopenia) is a tick-borne disease of dogs usually caused by the rickettsial agent Ehrlichia canis. Ehrlichia canis is the pathogen of animals.
Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia phagocytophilum) [2] is a Gram-negative bacterium that is unusual in its tropism to neutrophils.It causes anaplasmosis in sheep and cattle, also known as tick-borne fever and pasture fever, and also causes the zoonotic disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis.