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It covers fixed-wing military UAVs from 150 kg to 20,000 kg, [1]: 6 that do NOT need "for normal operation the presence of a pilot that directly controls the UAV using a control box (e.g., stick, rudder pedals, throttles, etc.)" [1]: 20 It covers all aspects of the UAV system including communication links and control centre. [1]: 8
In these trials the HERTI UAV should fly 28 km from base and at altitudes of about 1,830 metres (6,000 ft) [4] To achieve a UAV that can safely fly within civilian airspace, BAE Systems is developing a "sense and avoid" system for HERTI, utilising a radar and electro-optical systems. [5]
In August 2013, the Navy paused the development of the "sense and avoid" radar system that would enable the MQ-4C to avoid other aircraft. The Triton would have been the first unmanned aircraft to be fitted with such a system, but the system was behind schedule and over budget.
A Jetstream aircraft is being as a UAV and a Piper Seneca as an 'intruder' to test the sense and avoid systems. [ 2 ] [ 1 ] In April 2013 the first unmanned flight over British airspace was successfully completed when BAE Systems flew a Jetstream 31 from Warton Aerodrome , on the Fylde near Preston to Inverness in Scotland .
Pilots of modern aircraft cannot rely only on visual abilities and piloting skills to maintain acceptably safe separation from other aircraft, thus a considerable proportion of contemporary flights are performed under instrument flight rules with the responsibility for separation belonging to air traffic control (ATC).
In August 2020, a drone crashed during a test flight in Israel, the cause was a structural design flaw which has been fixed. [52] The new drones should now begin their operation between 2022 and 2023, the "Sense-and-Avoid" - System not before 2024. [53]
The UAV must be flown: [39] 30 meters beyond a person who is not directly associated with the operation of the UAV; An altitude not exceeding 400 feet Above Ground Level (AGL); Outside 10 km radius from the Aerodrome Reference Point (ARP); and; The UAV shall stay clear of populated area unless an approval from the CAAP has been granted.
Unmanned aircraft system traffic management (UTM) is an air traffic management ecosystem under development for autonomously controlled operations of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) by the FAA, NASA, other federal partner agencies, and industry.