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The gentrification of urban environments leads to an increase in income gaps, racial inequality, and displacement within metropolitan areas. The negative environmental impacts of urbanization disproportionately effects minority low income areas more than higher income communities. [7]
This rapid urbanization can have both positive and negative impacts. On the one hand, cities can provide economic opportunities, access to healthcare and education, and a high quality of life for residents. On the other, increased urbanization exacerbates the struggles of pollution, loss of green spaces, loss of biodiversity, and more. [8]
Although urbanization tends to produce more negative effects, one positive effect that urbanization has impacted is an increase in physical activity in comparison to rural areas. Residents of rural areas and communities in the United States have higher rates of obesity and engage in less physical activity than urban residents. [95]
Cities are also one of the most vulnerable parts of the human society to the effects of climate change, [3] and likely one of the most important solutions for reducing the environmental impact of humans. [4] [2] [3] The UN projects that 68% of the world population will live in urban areas by 2050. [5]
Urban responses to global environmental change (e.g., urban strategies for climate change mitigation and adaptation). Consequences of urban responses to global environmental change. Additionally, the goals of UGEC include: creating multidimensional integrative perspectives; promoting parallel and comparative analysis across regions and themes;
Environmental gentrification is commonly understood as the process in which urban green space improvements lead to the displacement of lower-income communities, although the exact definition remains a topic of debate. [10] Green gentrification is closely related to urban planning and climate mitigation efforts.
Most policies focus on community benefits and reducing negative effects of urban development, such as surface runoff and the urban heat island effect. [78] Historically, access to urban green space has favored wealthier and more privileged communities; thus, recent urban greening has increasingly focused on environmental justice concerns, and ...
In recent years the city has focused on reducing its environmental impact. The city government is required to purchase only the most energy-efficient equipment for use in city offices and public housing. [7] New York has the largest clean air diesel-hybrid and compressed natural gas bus fleet in the country, and some of the first hybrid taxis. [8]