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A modern computer power supply is a switch-mode power supply that converts AC power from the mains supply, to several DC voltages. Switch-mode supplies replaced linear supplies due to cost, weight, efficiency and size improvements. The diverse collection of output voltages also have widely varying current draw requirements.
An SMPS designed for AC input can usually be run from a DC supply, because the DC would pass through the rectifier unchanged. [35] If the power supply is designed for 115 VAC and has no voltage selector switch, the required DC voltage would be 163 VDC (115 × √2). This type of use may be harmful to the rectifier stage, however, as it will ...
The output from the regulated power supply may be alternating or unidirectional, but is nearly always DC (direct current). [1] The type of stabilization used may be restricted to ensuring that the output remains within certain limits under various load conditions, or it may also include compensation for variations in its own supply source.
A simple voltage dropper can be used to reduce the voltage for low-power devices; if more than 12V is required, or for high-powered devices, a switched-mode power supply is used. The output will usually be DC in the range 1.5–24 V. Power supplies that output either 100–120 V AC or 210–240 V AC are available; they are called inverters, due ...
The input is left side, the output with load is right side. The switch is typically a MOSFET, IGBT, or BJT transistor. A buck converter or step-down converter is a DC-to-DC converter which decreases voltage, while increasing current, from its input to its output . It is a class of switched-mode power supply.
The 79xx devices have a similar "part number" to "voltage output" scheme, but their outputs are negative voltage, for example 7905 is −5 V and 7912 is −12 V. The 7905 and/or 7912 were popular in many older ATX power supply designs, [4] [5] and some newer ATX power supplies may have a 7912. [6]
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